水を出しっぱなしにする

次の文を英語にしてください。

「歯磨きしているときは、水を出しっぱなしにしないで。」

命令文です。「~しっぱなしにする」の動詞は、「そのまま残しておく」という意味のleaveか、「させておく」という意味のletを使いましょう。

leave、letのどちらも、SVOCの文型を取りますが、leaveは形容詞や分詞を取り、letは原形不定詞(toの付かない不定詞)を取ります。「(水道水が)流れる」はrunです。

答えは、
Don’t leave the water running while (you are) brushing your teeth.
または、Don’t let the water run while (you are) brushing your teeth.

Continue Reading

好きな/嫌いな

次の文を英語にしてください。ただし、今回は関係代名詞を使わないで表現してみましょう。

1. 私の一番好きな科目は音楽です。
2. 私の一番嫌いな科目は体育です。

1.は、My favorite subject is music.ですね。

次に2.ですが、英語には「嫌いな」という形容詞がありません。そこで、工夫してみましょう。

ヒント1:
favoriteの前に、それを否定する言葉を付けます。
My ( ) favorite subject is P.E.

ヒント2:
「一番~でない」という意味の最上級の言葉は何ですか。

leastですね。

答えは、
My least favorite subject is P.E. でした。

Continue Reading

シンク周りの英語

生活では当たり前に使われているのに、意外に日本で学ばれていない言葉があります。今日はシンク周りを見渡して、いくつか単語を拾ってみました。

次の言葉を覚えましょう。

1. faucet
2. bulb
3. outlet
4. tap water
5. detergent

答え:
1. 蛇口
2. 電球
3. コンセント
4. 水道水
5. 洗剤

キッチンを見ながら復習してみてくださいね。

Continue Reading

誰が/誰に

次の文を英語にしてください。

1. あなたは誰に携帯メールを書いているの?
2. 誰があなたに携帯メールを送っているの?

「携帯メールを書く/送る」の動詞はtextです。

答え:
1.は、「あなた(you)」が主語なので、Who are you texting?です。
2.は、「誰が(who)」が主語です。Who is texting you?ですね。このように「誰が」で始まる文は、Whoの後、すぐに動詞が来ます。当たり前ですが、その後にはもう、主語らしきものはありません。

Continue Reading

アクセントに注意

次の英単語をアクセントに気を付けて読んでください。

1. internship インターンシップ(名詞)
2. interval 間隔(名詞)
3. integrate 統合する(動詞)
4. instinct 本能(名詞)
5. income 収入(名詞)
6. intellect 知性(名詞)
7. industry 産業(名詞)
8. injure けがをさせる(動詞)
9. innovate 革新する(動詞)
10. insight 洞察(名詞)

すべて読めましたか。

アクセントは、1.から10.まで、すべて第1音節の”in”の位置にあります。単語を覚えるときは、発音とアクセントにも気を付けてくださいね。

Continue Reading

固有名詞の冠詞

次の文を英語にしてください。「みどり~」は、すべて固有名詞です。

1. みどり劇場に行きました。
2. みどり通りに行きました。
3. みどり公園に行きました。
4. みどり駅に行きました。
5. みどりホテルに行きました。
6. みどり博物館に行きました。

1.は I went to Midori Theater.だと思いましたか。答えは、I went to the Midori Theater.です。固有名詞であっても、劇場にはtheが付きます。

それに対して、通り、公園、駅の固有名詞にはtheが付きません。したがって、2.から4.は、I went to Midori Street/Midori Park/Midori Station.です。また、空港、城などの固有名詞にもtheが付きません。

固有名詞にtheが付くのは、劇場のほか、ホテルや博物館などがあります。したがって、5. は I went to the Midori Hotel. 6.はI went to the Midori Museum. です。

それでは問題です。次の文を英語にしてください。

「私は名古屋城に行きました。」

答え:
I went to Nagoya Castle. お城の固有名詞にはtheが付きませんでしたね。

Continue Reading

~できる (possible)

possibleを使って、次の文を英語にしてください。

「直行便のおかげで、私はロンドンまで12時間で行くことができる。」

Thanks to the direct flight, I am possible to get to London in 12 hours. だと思われましたか。

possibleは何かの行為や状況が可能であるという意味であり、人が主語にはなりません。

人を主語にするときは、canなどを使います。
Thanks to the direct flight, I can get to London in 12 hours.

possibleを使う場合は、「私がロンドンまで12時間で行くこと」を主語にして、そのことが可能だという文にします。仮主語のitで始めて、Thanks to the direct flight, it is possible (for me) to get to London in 12 hours.とします。

あるいは、主語を直行便にして、直行便が「私がロンドンまで12時間で行くこと」を可能にする、という文にします。「Oを可能にする」は、make O possibleですが、ここではO(目的語)が長くなるので、仮目的語itを使います。

The direct flight makes it possible (for me) to get to London in 12 hours.

possibleの使い方、もう大丈夫ですね!

Continue Reading

Izushi: Wooden Lantern and Kabuki Theater

Away from Main Street, it was quiet again. There are narrow streets running parallel with and perpendicular to Main Street. Each of them has a different atmosphere, but they all look traditional.

This is the Oryu Lantern, made of wood. It was used as a beacon for ships in the Edo period.

Finally, I arrived at the Eirakukan Theater, which was established in 1901. It is the oldest drama theater in the northern Kansai region. It is still used for kabuki performances.

It was fun to walk around the building. I was able to see the theater from every angle. I was especially interested in the stage mechanism.

DSC_2025
Stage
DSC_2042
Advertisements
DSC_2028
First floor
DSC_2029
View from the second floor
DSC_2030
Numbered seats
DSC_2033
Battens
DSC_2034
Revolving stage
dsc_2037light
Revolving stage viewed from trap room
Dressing room

Izushi is definitely my favorite place! I am looking forward to my next visit.

Continue Reading

Izushi: Main Street and Samurai House

After leaving Sukyoji Temple, I walked toward Main Street. On the way, I saw a beautiful sake brewery.

DSC_1996

As I approached Main Street, I saw more and more people. Main Street was bustling with shops and restaurants. There were many people waiting in line for soba (buckwheat noodles). Izushi is famous for its soba. My mother had recommended a couple of restaurants, and I was planning to have lunch at one of them. However, I wanted to explore the town as much as possible within a limited time. Accordingly, I decided to give up my lunch and continued walking, promising myself I would definitely come back to eat soba some day.

This is Izushi’s landmark, Shinkoro Clock Tower, built in 1871.

DSC_2007

In the moat, I saw beautiful carp.

DSC_2001

Out of curiosity, I dropped in at the Samurai House. It used to be a chief retainer’s residence in the late Edo period. This building looks one story high, but it is actually not. The building structure has some tricks to protect the residents from their enemies.

DSC_2004
The Samurai House and a cardboard cutout

Continue Reading

Izushi: History & Academy Walk and Sukyoji Temple

I walked down a pathway called History and Academy Walk at the foot of Mt. Ariko. I found some historic sites. The first one I found was the site of a clan school, Kodokan, established in 1775.

DSC_1970

Across from it, I found the birthplace of Tsutomu Sakurai (1843-1931), who contributed to the development of weather forecasting.

DSC_1971

Past Kyooji Temple, I crossed the bridge. I saw an elegant heron in the brook.

DSC_1977

I finally reached the birthplace of Hiroyuki Kato (1836-1916). He was one of the first Japanese who went to Europe to study. He studied the German language and philosophy. He introduced Western ideas to Japan, and contributed to establishing the university system in Japan.

DSC_1981

The pathway was very inspiring. I was motivated to study hard, when I was thinking about those passionate and diligent people a long time ago.

After leaving the pathway and walking for a while, I found a beautiful building, Izushi Meijikan. The pseudo-Western style building was built as the county hall in 1887. Now it is used as a museum. Unfortunately, it was closed on that day. I hope to go back.

DSC_1985

One of the most impressive places in Izushi was Sukyoji Temple (or Takuan Temple). It was restored in 1616 by a Zen priest Takuan Soho. The crane-and-tortoise garden and the pond were designed and created by him. They were stunning. I loved all the gardens in the temple. They must be beautiful in other seasons, too. I look forward to my next visit.

DSC_1990
South Garden
DSC_1988
Bell tower

Photography was not allowed in the inside gardens. They were even more beautiful. They are really worth visiting!

Continue Reading

Izushi: Izushi Castle Ruins and Shrines

I went on a trip to Izushi. My mother and my maternal ancestors were from this region, so I would often go there when I was young. I felt nostalgic when I got in.

I took the Konotori Express and got off at Yoka Station. Then I took the bus to Izushi.

DSC_1944

Getting off at Izushi Bus Station, I passed by two temples. One of them was Fukujoji Temple.

DSC_1950
Temple bell

Then, I caught sight of a magnificent view of Izushi Castle Ruins.

DSC_1954
DSC_1959
DSC_1965

On the top of the ruins, there is a shrine called Arikoyama Inari Shrine. I climbed the stone steps through the vermillion gates and reached the shrine. I was all alone at the shrine. It was silent and the air was cool and clear. I really liked the place.

DSC_1961
DSC_1962

I went down the steps and went further to another shrine called Morosugi Shrine. I found an omikuji box and drew one. Omikuji is a fortune-telling paper strip. Mine was “a little luck.” It said I should study hard, which was very convincing.

DSC_1968

I liked the green carpet of moss.

DSC_1967
Continue Reading